There is no evidence that repeated ejaculation, such as through masturbation, will help to “clear out” the infection any sooner, nor do dietary changes affect the course of prostatitis. It is recommended that partners of a man with prostatitis, if it is suspected to be caused by sexually transmitted bacteria, be treated as contacts. If the infection is not caused by sexually transmitted bacteria, then the decision about whether or not to treat partners must be made on an individual basis. Generally, all partners should at least be examined for evidence of infection and possibly treated as well.

The conditions mentioned previously that are not treatable by antibiotics are best addressed by a urologist. Any underlying structural problem that has caused the infection of the prostate—such as benign enlargement of the prostate or obstruction of the bladder for other reasons—should be treated by a urologist. Surgery can correct these problems and prevent future infections. A stricture or scarring of the urethra can occur after urethritis, and this can make it impossible to clear an infection from the genital tract, including the prostate. In addition, there can be stones in the prostate that prevent clearance of the infection, even if the antibiotics used are the right ones.

Even for prostatitis that is not thought to have a bacterial cause, most experts recommend a short trial course (one to three weeks) of an antibiotic in case bacteria are present and causing the infection. However, if this is not successful, then repeated trials of an antibiotic are not recommended. Follow-up with a urologist is recommended to treat symptoms of these usually benign conditions. Medications are available that ease the symptoms of prostate irritation that is not caused by bacterial infection.

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